tactile
means “pertaining to the sense of touch”. Tactile experiences are one type of haptic sensory information
- defined by Mandy Tjew A Sin
T
task switching paradigm
used to examine the sequential handling of different component tasks (in comparison to simultaneous tasks in the dual-task paradigm); this paradigm includes trials with repeated tasks and trials with shifts between tasks; the typical performance costs under the condition of a task switch in comparison to task repetitions (for example: longer response times; switch costs) are an indicator of using the executive function “shifting“; this function is associated with the flexible configuration of the cognitive system during the shift between different tasks
- defined by Tilo Strobach
Taxonomy of interrogation methods
A model proposed by Kelly et al., 2013 with the intention to explain the interactive relationship between interrogation domains and their corresponding techniques.
- defined by Katherine Hoogesteyn
teleo-functional reasoning
thinking in terms of purpose and meaning, even when it is inappropriate or inaccurate to do so
- defined by Jonathan Jong
temptation
a desire that conflicts with a person’s values, standards or goals
- defined by Amir Ghoniem
tend and befriend
assumption that humans, among other animals, seek social support and protect their offspring when under threat
- defined by Lucius Caviola
the twin design
studies that compare the similarity of a certain behavior between identical (monozygotic) and non-identical (dizygotic) twins; the comparison leads to estimates of the genetic and environmental contributions to the differences in the behavior examined (e.g., children’s personality characteristics, the parenting that the child receives)
- defined by Reut Avinun
Theory of Mind
the ability to attribute mental states, beliefs, intents, desires, pretending, knowledge, etc., to oneself and others and to understand that others have beliefs, desires and intentions that are different from one's own
- defined by Arno van Voorst
threat-related neural responses
pertain to activations of neurons in the brain that are evoked by threatening situations
- defined by Mandy Tjew A Sin
tone of voice
Variations in pitch, loudness, rhythm, voice quality and tempo (rate of speaking) during speech. The tone of voice is also referred to as “prosody”.
References:
R. L. Trask and P. Stockwell, Language and linguistics: The key concepts / R.L. Trask ; edited by Peter Stockwell, 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2007.
G. Chronaki, M. Wigelsworth, M. D. Pell, and S. A. Kotz, “The development of cross-cultural recognition of vocal emotion during childhood and adolescence,” Scientific reports, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 8659, 2018, doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26889-1.
- defined by Zoé Nikolakis, Sebastian Wallot & Oliver Genschow
touch-based therapies
such as massage therapy use the beneficial effects of touch to treat health problems or psychological disorders
- defined by Mandy Tjew A Sin
trait
in psychology, refers to an attribute or quality exhibited by a person. Importantly, traits are constant, or stable, over time and situations
- defined by Cara Kahl
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
a technique that scientists use to briefly increase or decrease activity in particular brain regions, by introducing brief magnetic pulses across the scalp. These pulses cause electrical changes in targeted brain areas
- defined by Joe Moran
Traumatic conditioning
When classical conditioning results in learning after only one pairing of two stimuli, it may be called traumatic conditioning (McLeod et al., 2013).
- defined by Arash Emamzadeh
two-streams hypothesis
This is the hypothesis that two streams exist for processing visual stimuli. The dorsal stream starts at the primary visual cortex and ends at the posterior parietal cortex. It plays a role in spatial processing and motor actions, such as grasping. It is also called the “where pathway”. The ventral stream also starts at the visual cortex but ends in the inferior temporal cortex. It processes visual features, such as color, shape, and texture. That is why it is sometimes called the ”what pathway”.
Reference: M. W. Eysenck, Psychology: A Student’s Handbook. Taylor & Francis, 2000.
- defined by Sophie G. Elschner
Synonyms: dorsal stream, ventral stream